Dishwashing machine



Nov. 18, 1947. R. w. 'VYILSON Re. 22,936

DISHWASHiNEi MACHINE 2 Sheeis-Shet 1' Original Filed ll ay 31, 1940 QEma/amp I14 M450, INVENTOR I ATTORNEY R w WILiS CN DISHWASHING MACHINENov. 18, 1947.

Original Filed May :51, 1940 2 sheets-Shea 2 f I a II Reissuecl Nov. 18,1947 UNITED STATES PATEN T OFFICE DISHWASHING MACHINE Raymond W. Wilson,

Glendale, cells; William J.

Schworer administrator of said Raymond W.

Wilson, deceased Original Not/2,315,572, dated No. 338,136, May :1,1940.

issue December 9, 1944,

. 1 This invention relates to improvements in dishwashing machines.

It is among some of the more important objects of the invention toprovide a dishwashing machine wherein the means for discharging thefluid that washes the dishes is directed against them in such a manneras simultaneously to wash them and to rotate the basket in which thedishes are contained, regulative means being provided whereby a uniformrotation of the basket is assured regardless of the fluctuation in waterpressure which exists in difl'erentlocalities.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved conservationof space arrangement of superior self-priming power jets in the floor ofa shallow tub, discharging upwardly in the tub and having a commonmanifold outside of the tub connected to an exterior source of supply.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved combinationhydraulic and mechanical'iift for vertically reciprocating thedishcontaining basket during its rotation in a horizontal plane and to,at the completion of the washing operation, elevate the basket to aconvenient point of accessibility for emptying and replenishing.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved fluid valvecontrolled hydraulic mechanism in combination with spring opposedmechanism wherein a clean fluid is injected into both ends of thehydraulic cylinder.

Another object of the invention improved combination peculiarly arrangedis to provide an of simply constructed parts and cooperating in such amanner to make less expensive, contribute to higher efliciency, andinsure greater sanitation in devices to which this invention appertains.

One important object of the invention is to provide for maintaining amore sanitary condition of a hydraulically operated plunger by using aportion of the operating fluid to scavenge one of the hydraulic chambersin case of the entrance of any foreign mater into such chamber.

A still further object is to provide an improved combination ofhydraulic and resilient operating means for moving the dish containingreceptacle whereby properly timed, relatively slow movements of thereceptacle in one direction are alternated with the desired quick returnmovements of said receptacle.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention resides inthe novel arrangement and combination of parts and in the details ofconstruction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood thatchanges in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosedreduced to practice,

April 0, 1943, Serial Application for re- Serial No. 567,346

21 Claims. (Cl. 134-138) Y may be made within the scope of that which isReferring to the drawings, wherein is shown apreferred embodiment of theinvention as now approved and being sold to the trade, I

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the device installed within a tub adjacent to asink, said device being shown applied to a drain board portion togetherwith the usual plumbing fixtures. In this view the dish containingbasket is eliminated to disclose more clearly the peculiar arrangementofjet pumps in the floor portion of-the tub;

Fig. 2 is a section taken on. line 2-2 of Fig. 1 with this diflerence,however, the dish basket has been" added, the latter being shown in fulllines in its depressed position, and in dotted lines in its elevatedposition in readiness for fllling. or emptying;'

Fig. 3 is a vertical mid-section of the hydraulic lift broken away fromthe adjoining structure;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken on line H of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a vertical mid-section of the vacuum breaker includingfragments of adjoining structures;

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on line 66 of Fig; 5;

Fig. 7 is a vertical mid-section of one of the jet pumps includingfragments of adjoining structures;

Fig. 8 is a perspective nomles; and

Fig. 9 is a. transverse section taken through the three way valve shownin Figs. 1 and 2.

Speaking flrst of generalities relating to'the invention, the numerals Qand II) indicate respectively the splash wall and drainboard, to whichdrain board is attached the sink II and juxtaposed wash tub II. Said tubin Fig. -1 is shown provided with a fragment of a chrome and glass lidI2c. I3 is the combination hot and cold water spigot fixture connectedby pipes l4 and ii to hot and cold water suppl sources'respectivelythrough the medium of the shut of! valves l8 and i1.

A drain pipe is is shown connected to the sink ii to which is screwed aT iii. Pipe 20 connects ,said T to a trap 2i; and pipe 22, L 23 and pipe24 connect the T with the sump portion of the tub II. It will thus beseen that the T is-providesa common outlet to the trap for both. thesink and tub. The invention now will be specifically set forth. Pipe 25is connected at one end to the hot water view of one'of the jet cientlyrestricted to make aaaso line l4 between the valve ll and spigot IS. The

other end ofsaid pipeisconnectedto aglobe valvefloperablebymeansofthevalvecontrol 21 locatedonthe topoftbe-tub.

Pipe flinturnconnectstheglobevalve Ilto l draulic an n which extendsthrough the tub I:

the vacuum breaker-or anti-splash, anti-syphon plurality of unions II,said unions beingin turn.

connected in a leak pro'otmanner to the bottomoithetubasshowninl 'igfll.Eachof saidunionshasathreadedopeningflintowhich is screwed a jet 34.Onto eachsaid jetis screwed a noasle I! ofthe character shown inFigs.'land8.

InFigJitwillbenotedtheseveralnozzleslI are circumferentially spacedthroughout thebottomofthetubat diflerentradialdistancesfrom the centerthereof. and the-manifold pipe ll provides for this irregular spacing.The object of this peculiar-spacing'is to provide adequate means forautomatically rotating the dish containing receptacle and for directingthe streams of water at different angles to thoroughly cleanse thedishes. "li'h'e particular directions of the issuing streamsmay'alsobe'variedtoobtaina uniform rotation in localities where waterpressures vary.

Each-power jet is shown ally disposed duct II, a portion of which istapered andterminates in a restricted opening 31 in its tapered end. Thethreaded portion of the jet, which mates with the threads 33, providesfor an angular adjustment whereby the heart shaped orifices 38 of thenozzles may be positioned in different planes to direct the spray ofwater issuing from them'to not only rotate the basket I! and cleanse thedishes, but also to direct a spray in a direction to retard the speed ofrotation when this is deemed necessary in order to obtain the properefllciency.

Each nozzle structure comprises two tubular members ll and 4| joined bya flaring wall 42. Tubular member 40 has a chamber 4la surrounding thetapered nozzle portion of the jet, said member having the lower portionof its chamber threaded and screwed onto said jet.

In said lower portion is formed a plurality of tapered holes 43 thatextend upwardly and inwardly from the outer face of said member 40 intothe lower portion of said chamber 4la.

The tubular member 4| has its axis coinciding with that of the axis ofsaid restricted opening anda portion of its wall adjacent to its openend i's's'litg said wall portion being deflected toward theslit andexpanded at each side thereof to form the heart shaped opening 38 at oneside of the member through which the spray from the jet egresses. Bythis means said opening is sumthe pumpin power of the jet self-priming.

A description will now be given of the hydraulically elevatable andmechanically retractable apparatus for supporting the dishes wherebythey are rotated and washed by the cycle of mechanism just described andin addition to these operations vertically reciprocated during thecleansing thereof and flnally elevated to a point wherefrom they can beconveniently removed.

Turn-table It supports the wire basket I!v in which the dishes areplaced. Said table is rotatably mounted on the up e P rtion of thehyprovided with an a ficonnects the vacuum breaker 3| locatedjustbeneath theI in such a manner that all the framework of the tableclears the ponies 36 as shown in Fig. 2. Referring now to Fig. 3, itwill be seen that the lift II is supported principally by the tub I!through the medium of the'tubular connection ll. Said lift comprises atubular cylinder 54, the

upper end of which is screwed onto the lower portion of the connectionI! which extends through and well below the bottom surface of the tub.

. The lower end of the cylinder is closed by means of a' cap I. therebeing a space 56 provided between the closed end of said cap and the endof thecylinder.

The connection I3 is provided with an annular flange II which overliesthe adjacent surrounding portion of the tub It, said flange assumingpractically all the weight of the lift together with that of theturn-table and the dishes supported thereby.

In order to make a'leak proof joint between the flange 5! and floorportion of the tub, I provide a gasket I8 which is securely held inplace by the annularly flanged lock nut 59.

concentrically mounted within the cylinder 54 is a second tubularcylinder comprising the plunger 52. On the lower end of the plunger 52is fastened a dual packing gland 60 whereby the annular space Bl betweenthe cylinders 52 and 54 at that point is closed.

At the upper end of the plunger, subjacent its protruding portion, Iprovide a second packing gland tip. This gland is formed in theconnection 53 and provides a sealfor preventing the water-in the tubfrom entering the space Bl.

Into the upper end of the plunger is screwed a plug 62, saidplug beingprovided with a hole 63 axially tapped into its lower end and having themouth of the hole conically tapered. Into the hole 83 is screwed a screw64 having fastened to its head one. end of a spirally coiled spring 65.The other endof the spring is fastened to an anchor pin 65 whichunderlies the lower end of the cylinder 54.

The part of the plunger which extends above the connection 53 has itsexterior diameter slightly reduced to form a ledge 61 on which rests athrust collar 68. A ball race 69 is in turn mounted upon the thrustcollar, said race rotatably supporting the thimble 10' which enclosesthe upper end of the plunger, to which thimble is fastened theturn-table frame-work 50.

As. a means for hydraulically actuating the plunger 52, I provide a pipe15 which-I screw into the cap 55 so as to discharge in the space I6.This pipe I! I connect to a three-way valve 18 mounted at the drainboard level in one corner of the tub portion as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.Leading from the valve IE to the main cold water supply line I! is apipe 11. When the three-way valve is manually operated so as to placethe restricted port I! of the valve in communication with the pipe II asshown in Fig. 9, water in the pipe 11 flows through the valve 16, and inturn through pipe 15, exerting a pressure against the plunger 52 therebyelevating it against the opposition of the spring 65. I The upwardmovement of the plunger is desirably made very slow in order that thespray directed against the dishes from a result of the spray iminto thespace ll and This upward movement is permitted during washing operationuntil the dishes approach the Ila es cover llc, or to unloading positionwhen the dishes are washed, whereupon the valve thevalve ll into pipell,thence through T ll andpipe ll,andinturnthrughpipell, Lll, pipe 22, Tll, pipe ll, trap ll into the sewer.

Pipell,asetated,isconnectedtotheTll. T ll in turd is screwed into theannular unthreaded surface Ila of the connection ll, see Fig. 4. This isdone for the reason that if any foul water should ever seep past thegland llp into the space ll, such water would be eventually dischargedthrough the T into the pipe ll as a result or the flow of the freshwater through pipe II on the down stroke of the. plunger.

It will be obvious, however, that after the flrst operations! theplunger, the water forced out of the hydraulic'lift, as a result of theenergy stored up in the spring, will pass into pipe ll, through valve lland pipe ll and will flow partly partly into the pipe l2 because of theT connection ll. v

However, each time the plunger is elevated, any water in the space llwill be forced therefrom through the T II and into pipe 82 on account ofthe packing gland ll. This constant repurging of the space ll "by theclean water will always keep the interior of the lift sanitary and freefrom any foul odor.

Since at each downward, movement or the plunger a portion of the waterpasses through the T ll into the space 8|, the water which flows intosuch space, is forced out through the T into pipe 82 on the upstroke ofthe plunger. The water occupying said space also acts as a retardantalso, as has already been mentioned, to slow the upward movement of theplunger in addition to the opposition afl'orded by the pring ll.

The three retarding means, comprising the restricted opening I8, thespring 85 and the fluid occupying the space 6|, produce a much slowerupward movement of the plunger when compared with the downward movementwherein there is no spring opposition, or restricted outlet throughwhich the water by-passes. It will therefore be noted that the slowupward movement and quick return movement coupled with simultaneousrotative movement of the dish supporting frame while operating in itsworking -ranges provide new and useful means for more efl'ectlvelywashing dishes.

The vacuum breaker 29 prevents the water or sewage backed up into thetub from being entrained into the supply line it and therebycontaminating the water. This valve is shown on an increased scale inFigs. and 6. Describing next the anti-syphon and antisplash valve andconduit structure shown in Fig. 5, which is supported by the tub shelfII, a frag. ment of which is shown in this view, the hot water supplypipe 28 communicates with the lower section ll of the anti-syphon valveassembly 29 by means of the supply passage 84. Said passage 84 has adiametrically enlarged upper portion 85, thereby aflording at their saidsection, there parallel'to it at-the opposite side of the water deliverypassage ll into the otwhichleadsthepipellthst conducts thehot watertotheiet pumps.

The passages l4 and ll underlie a chamber openingslntheiets.

seat member I! being provided superjacent to saidball valve ll, Saidmember II rests upon the upper end of the tubular connection lla and iskept in place thereon by means of an upper sleeve ll having aperipherally flanged which, when the thimble like member II is screwedon is kept in place by its internal lugs ll. The plug I ll is shownseated in the sump portion of the tub l2. Means Illa is provided forvertically adjusting said plug exteriorly of the tub while the lid I 2cis in place, simply byoperating the push buttons ill and In in the wellknown manner. a

The plug Ill having been seated, the valve 21 is thereupon operated toill] the tub to the top of the overflow plug as shown in Fig. 2,.afterwhich the detergent is added to the water; it being understood thedishes have been placed within the basket ll and the latter is in thefull line position shown in Fig. 2 with the lid [2c in place. Valve 21is next completely opened to permit the full force of the water to flowthrough the Jets, the screen ll preventing any sand or grit lug ing uptheir minute orifices. Due to the self priming feature of the jet pumps,the treated water is entrained by them and is directed against thebasket and dishes, the water delivered from said pumps rotating frame lltogether with the receptacle carried thereby.

The attendant next operates the three way valve ll to start an upwardmovement of the plunger 52 through the working range of the basket. Whensuflicient time has elapsed for the basket to be moved vertically upwardas previously described, the three way valve is again operated,permitting a quick return of the basket to the bottom of the tank as aresult of the energy stored up in the coiled spring ll. Valve 16 can beoperated at will to provide for the necessary vertical reciprocation ofthe basket in combination with its horizontal rotation to perfeet acomplete cleansing of the dishes.

Three minutes is the usual time allotted for formerly occupied by thetreated water.

lower end It will therefore be obvious that no rinse tub is necessary;that the rinsing operation follows .the cleansing operation without anyfurther detail.

Lastly the valve 21 is closed. the lid removed and the valve 16 operatedto extend the rack to the dotted position shown in Fig. 2.

Should the water in supply line ll be drained at some outside connectionwhile water is in the tub and the valve 21 is open, the vacuum breaker29 would guard against any foul water being syphoned from the tub intothe main line and contaminating it.

That which is claimed is:

1. In a dishwashing machine, a tub, a cylinder secured to and suspendedfrom the bottom of said tub, a tubular plunger arranged forreciprocating movement in said cylinder, a receptacle supporting frameWithin said tub carried by the upper end of said plunger means forsupplying fluid under pressure to said cylinder to raise said plunger,yieldable means fastened within said plunger and acting in opposition tosaid fluid under pressure, conduit means by-passing a portion of thefluid from one end of said cylinder into the opposite end thereof duringthe downstroke of said plunger, said fluid by-passed into said cylinderacting in opposition to the upstroke of said plunger to retard it, andconduit means to by-pass the latter fluid on the upstroke of saidplunger completely from the device.

2. A dishwashingmachine comprising a tub, a dish supporting frame insaid tub, means mounting said frame for rotary movement andsimultaneously vertical reciprocation throughout a working range in saidtub, a spray device in said tub arranged to spray a cleansing fluid intosaid frame throughout said range of rotary and reciprocatory movement,means to rotate said frame, said spray device being adapted to rotatesaid frame and comprising the latter means, said spray device comprisinga plurality of nozzles circumferentially spaced thoughout the bottom ofsaid tub at different radial distances from the center of said tub andwith their orifices discharging in the direction of rotation of saidframe, fluid pressure means to move said frame throughout said range inone direction, andyieldable means acted upon by said fluid pressure tomove said frame throughout said range in the opposite direction. I

3. A dishwashing machine comprising'a tub, a cylinder secured to andsuspended from the bottom of said tub, a plunger arranged forreciprocating movement in said cylinder, a receptacle supporting framecarried by the upper end of said plunger, valve controlled constantfluid pressure supply means to move said plunger in one direction,yieldable means placed in a condition by said fluid means to'move saidplunger in the opposite direction, and means to entrain a por. tion ofthe fluid ejected from one end of said cylinder by the movement of saidplunger under the urge of said yieldable means in said oppositedirection into the other end thereof.

4. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a cylinder secured to andsuspended from the bottom of said tub, a plunger arranged forreciprocating movement in said cylinder a receptacle supporting framecarriedby the upper end of said plunger, conduit means connected to oneend of said cylinder for supplying fluid under pressure from a watersupply line to said cylinder, valve means for controlling the supply ofwater to said conduit means, a second conduit tensibly acted upon bysaid fluid under pressure opposing the movement of said frame in saiddirection, said valve means being operable to entrain a portion of thefluid ejected from one end of said cylinder by the movement of saidplunger, under the retractile urge of said spring in the oppositedirection through said second said conduit means into the opposite endof said cylinder, the latter fluid opposing the movement of said frameinthe said one direction, said by-pass conduit by-passing the water fromsaid cylinder which is acting in opposition to themovement of the saidframe in the said direction on the upstroke of said plunger.

5. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a cylinder secured to andsuspended from the bottom of said tub, a plunger arranged for reciprocating movement in said cylinder, a receptacle supporting framecarried by the upper end of said plunger, means for supplying fluidunder pressure to said cylinder to elevate" said plunger, yieldablemeans fastened to said plunger opposing the latters movement in saiddirection, conduit means by-passing a portion of the fluid from one endof said cylinder into the opposite end thereof during the down stroke ofsaid plunger, said fluid by-passed into said cylinder acting inopposition to the upstroke of said plunger to retard it, and conduitmeans to by-pass the latlater fluid on the upstroke of said plungercompletely from the device.

6. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a receptacle supporting framerotatively arranged for vertical reciprocation in said tub, hydraulicmeans to simultaneously rotate and vertically move said frame in onedirection, one of said hydraulic means comprising a plurality of nozzlescircumferentially spaced throughout the bottom of said tub at differentradial distances from the center of said tub and with their orificesdischarging in the direction of rotation of said frame, the other ofsaid hydraulic means comprising valve controlled constant fluid pressureto rotate.

'7. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub,

'a cylinder secured to and suspended from the bottom of said tub, aplunger arranged for reiprocating movement in said cylinder, areceptacle supporting frame carried by the upper end of said plungerwithin the tub, means for supplying fluid under pressure to said plungerat one end of said cylinder to elevate said frame, conduit meanslay-passing a portion of the fluid from one end of said cylinder intothe opposite end thereof during the down stroke of said plunger, saidfluid by-passed into said cylinder acting in opposition to the upstrokeof said plunger to retard it, and conduit means to by-pass the latterfluid on the up stroke of said plunger completely from the device.

8. A dishwashing apparatus including a tub 9 vertical reciprocation,therein, a cylinder depending from the bottom face of said tub, saidcylinder having its free and capped, a plunger in said cylinder forupporting said frame, a coiled spring mounted within said plunger, oneend of said spring being connected to the upper end of said plungeradjacent the top of said cylinder and the opposite end of. said springbeing connected to the lower end of said cylinder adjacent the bottom ofsaid plunger, means for supplying fluid under pressure to said cylinderto elevate said plunger against the opposition of said spring, saidcylinder and said plunger having concentric walls with aclearance'spacebetween them closed at the lower end, means forby-passing the fluid discharged from said capped end on the down strokeof said plunger into the upper end of said clearance space whereby topurge said clearance space and subsequently oppose said plunger on itsupstroke, and conduit means into which the by-passed fluid is dischargedduring the latter stroke.

9. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a dish basket supportingframe in said tub, means mounting said frame for rotary movement andsimultaneous vertical reciprocation in said tub, hydraulic meansindependent of each other to rotate and vertically reciprocate saidframe simultaneously, said hydraulic rotating means comprising aplurality of nozzles circumferentially spaced I throughout the bottom"of said tub at different radialdistances from the center of said tub,and with their orifices discharging in the di-' rection of rotation ofsaid frame, and yieldable means acting in alternation with saidhydraulic reciprocating means to cause the reciprocation of said framein one direction. I

10. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a dish containing basketsupporting frame in said. tub, means mounting said frame for rotarymovement and simultaneous vertical reciprocation, hydraulic meansincluding a plurality of nozzles'circumferentially spaced throughout thebottom of said tub at diflerent radial distances from the center of saidtub and with their oriflces discharging in the direction of rotation ofsaid frame, to rotate, wash and subsequently rinse the dishes in saidbasket supported by said frame, another hydraulic means to elevate saidframe during its rotation, spring means comprising a coiled extensiblespring opposing the hydraulic elevating means, and a manually operablecontrol valve to cause the last recited hydraulicmeans and said springmeans to act in alternation. I

11. A cylinder, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said cylinder, meansoperatively related to one end of said plunger to be moved thereby inone direction, means for supplying fluid under pressure to said plungerat the other end of said cyl inder to move said means in the said onedirection, means for by-passing a portionof the fluid from the secondrecited end of said cylinder into the first recited end thereof duringthe stroke of said plunger which is opposite to the direction thereoffirst recited, said fluid by-passed into said cylinder acting inopposition, to the stroke of the plunger in the direction first statedto retard it, and means to by-pass the latter fluid during the stroke ofthe plunger first recited completely from said cylinder.

12. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a dish supporting frame insaid tub, means mounting said frame for rotar movement andsimultaneously vertical reciprocation throughout a rising a plurality ofnozzles circumferentially spaced throughout the bottom of said tube at10 different radial distances from the center thereof, supporting meansfor said nozzles for selectively positioning the and yieldable meansacted upon by said fluid pressure means to move said frame throughoutsaid range in the opposite directioir.

13. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub, a dish supporting frame insaid tub, means mounting said frame for rotary and simultaneoilsvertical reciprocation throughout a working range in said tub. and aspray device comprising a plurality of nozzles circumferentially spacedthroughout the bottom of said tub at difl'erent radial distances fromthe nozzles having their oriflces positioned to direct streams of liquidlaterally against said frame and its contents thereby to automaticallyrotate said frame. I

14. The subject matter of claim 13 and, a

manifold pipe located beneath said tube, a plurality of unions fastenedto said manifold pipe, each of said unions being connected in a leakproof manner to the bottom of said tub and hav- 5 ing an openingcommunicating therewith, and jets screwabie into each said opening, saidnozzles being secured to said jets.

15. In a dishwashing machine, the combination of a rotatable dishsupporting means, a tub 40 in which said dish supporting means ismounted for rotation, an outlet above the bottom of the tub forestablishing a predetermined overflow level for retaining apredetermined volume of washing fluid in the bottom of the tub directlybelow the dish container, a plurality of short vertically disposededucti'on nozzles below said dish supporting means, and having eductionopenings below said level and'discharge openings above said level forprojecting fluid diagonally upwardly upon the dishes in said supportingmeans and for recirculating'the washing fluid, at least one of saidnozzles being directed upon the dish supporting means in a direction toproduce rotation of said means, said nozzles having external connectionfor a source of hot water under pressure for activating the nozzles.

16. In a dishwashing machine, the combination of a dish supportingmeans, a tub in which said supporting means is mounted for rotation,overflow means adapted to establish intermediate the bottom of said tuband said supporting means a predetermined maximum free liquid level insaid tub, a plurality of vertically disposed eduction Jets below saidsupporting means and spaced throughout the bottom of said tub atdifferent radial distances from the center thereof, fluid ejector meansassociated with each of said jets including a discharge oriflceadjustable in azimuth above said jet and a lower portion having fluideduction openings therein below said free liquid level, each of saidjets being adapted to discharge a small high velocity stream of heatedliquid against said discharge oriflce in such a manner as to induce theflow through said eduction opendirection of discharge of center thereof,said ings of said free liquid to form with said heated 1 l a liquid aspray mixture adapted to be projected diagonally upwardly upon saidsupporting means to eflect the cleansing or articles contained therevthe. combination flow means adapted to establish intermediate the bottomof said tub and said supporting means a predetermined maximum freeliquid level in said tub, a plurality oi vertically disposed eductionjets below said supporting means and spaced throughout the bottom ofsaid tub at different radial distances from the center thereof, fluidejector means associated with each of said jets including .aheart-shaped discharge orifice adjustable in azimuth above said jet anda lower portion having fluid eduction openings therein below said faceliquid level, each or said jets being adapted to discharge a small highvelocity stream of heated liquid against said discharge orifice in sucha manner as to induce the flow through said eduction openings or saidtree liquid to form with said heated liquid a spray mixture having alarger total mass and lower velocity than said high velocity stream andadapted to be projected by said discharge orifice diagonally upwardlyupon said supporting meansin the form of a flat stream, at least one ofsaid ejector means having its discharge oriflce directed against thesaid supporting means in a direction adapted to effect the rotation ofsaid supporting means and the articles contained therein solely by fluidpropulsion.

18. In a dishwashing machine, the combination or a dish supportingmeans, a tub in which said supporting means is mounted forrotation,overflow means adapted to establish intermediate the bottom of said tuband said supporting means a predetermined maximum iree liquid level insaid tub, a plurality of vertically disposed eduction jets below saidsupporting means and spaced throughout the bottom of said tub atdiflerent radial distances from the center thereof, fluid ejector meansassociated with each of said jets including a discharge orificeadjustable in azimuth above said jet and a lower portion having fluideduction openings therein below said free liquid level, each of saidjets being adapted to discharge a small high velocity stream of heatedliquid against said discharge orifice in such a manner as to induce theflow through said eduction opening of said free liquid to form with saidheated liquid a spray mixture having a larger total mass and lowervelocity than said 'high velocity stream and adapted to be projecteddiagonally upwardly upon said supporting means in the form of a spray, aplurality of said disa plurality of vertically disposed eductionnozzlesbelow said supporting means, said nozzles having eduction openings belowsaid free liquid level adapted to recirculate the washing liquiduponflow of liquid through saidnozzles from an external source .of liquidunder pressure in such a manner asto form a spray mixture of saidrecirculated liquid andsaid washing liquid, each of 1 I said nozzlesincluding discharge means above said free liquid level adjustable'inazimuth for directing said spray mixture upwardly and diagonally uponsaid supporting means to effect the cleansing of articles containedtherein, at least one or said discharge means being directed against 1the supporting .means and vthe articles contained therein in a directionadapted to eilect rotation of said supporting means solely by fluidpropulsion.

20. In a dishwashing machine the combination ofa tub, a dish supportingmeans mounted for rotation in said tub, an overflow pipe adapted toestablish below said supporting means a predetermined maximum freeliquidlevel in said tub, a plurality of vertically disposed eduction nozzlesbelow said supporting means, said nozzles having eduction openings belowsaid free liquid level adapted to recirculate the washing liquid uponflow of liquid through said nozzles from an external source of liquidunder pressure and so constructed and arranged as to form a spraymixture of said recirculated liquid and said external liquid, saidnozzles having discharge means above directing said spray mixtureupwardly and diagonally upon said supporting means, and at least one ofsaid discharge means being directed against the supporting means in adirection adapted to effect rotation thereof solely by fluid propulsion.

21; In a, dishwashing machine the combination of a rotatable dishsupporting'means, a tub in which said supporting means is mounted forrotation, an outlet above the bottom of said tub for establishing apredetermined overflow level for retaining a predetermined volume ofwashing fluid in the bottom of the tub directlybelow said supportingmeans, a plurality of short vertically disposed eduction nozzles mountedindividually on the bottom of the tub below said supporting means, fluidconducting means extending through the bottom of said tub and adapted tocommunicate each of said nozzles with an external source charge orificesbeing directed against the suprotation in said tub, an overflow pipeadapted to establish below said supporting means a predetermined maximumrree liquid level in said tub,

activate said nozzles, each of said nozzles having eduction openingsbelow said overflow level and discharge openings above said level soconstructed and arranged vas to recirculate said washing fluid and toform a spray mixture of said washing fluid and said external water atleast one of said discharge openings being directed upon said supportingmeans in a direction adapted to produce rotation thereof and toprojectfluid diagonally and upwardly upon said supporting means.

RAYMOND w. WILSON;

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the flle ofthis patent:

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